Common varieties include:

Canaries: 

The male canary is a very popular choice of pet as it has a beautiful song. Canaries are small birds, up to seven inches long, and can live for up to nine years. They are normally predominantly yellow.

Cockatiels: 

The cockatiel is a very friendly, intelligent and popular bird. They need a lot of companionship and can suffer from boredom if they are not paid enough attention. Cockatiels can grow up to 14 inches long and live for up to 25 years.

Macaws: 

Macaws are incredibly beautiful and intelligent birds who easily learn to mimic speech. 

They require a lifelong and intense commitment from the owner and can be temperamental and aggressive – potential owners should think long and hard before committing to purchase these birds. Macaws can grow to 40 inches long and live for up to 50 years.

Budgies: 

One of the most popular pet bird species for many years has been the budgerigar. Budgies are among the smallest parrot species. They come in many different colours and may learn to talk.

Cage

Select a cage that provides room to fly for exercise. The cage should be as large as your space and budget allows and wider than it is tall.

If your bird type enjoys walking around the cage, choose horizontal bars to enable the bird to exercise. If your bird likes to fly from perch to perch, pick a cage with vertical bars.

Special cage requirements

Have a number of differently sized perches hung at different heights. This allows the bird to exercise their feet. Macaws like perches made of natural twigs and branches but you should be aware that some wood can be poisonous. Get advice before introducing natural perches of your own.

Placement of the cage in front of a window can result in wide fluctuations in temperature, and should be avoided. Birds benefit most from being placed high up in a room which is used often.

The cage should be cleaned frequently to provide a healthy environment for you and your pet.

Feeding

It is important to provide your bird with a balanced diet. The easiest way of ensuring that your bird gets a correct balance of nutrition is to purchase ready-mixed feed from a good pet shop.

Some birds will eat fruit, such as apples and oranges, which helps introduce some variety into their diet.

Ensure that a supply of clean water is always available, and replace it daily.

Cuttlefish provide a source of calcium which is an important part of a bird's diet.

Companionship

Depending on both the owner and the bird, you may develop a bond which allows you to handle and let the bird out of its cage for a period of time.

In this case, ensure that the bird has a safe environment before release, meaning no open windows, predators, fires, or anything else that could pose a threat.

Toys

All caged birds enjoy toys. Many pet shops cater to pet birds, and offer a wide variety of safe toys. The bird will eventually destroy the toy but that is part of the fun.

Select toys that do not have small pieces that can be swallowed or sharp edges. Avoid anything that can become caught on the leg band.

Bathing

Birds are incredibly clean creatures and need an occasional shower or bath to have healthy feathers.

Offer a shallow dish of water several times a week for them to bathe in. Alternatively, spray the bird with cool water to improve the condition of the feathers.

Health Problems

Getting used to your bird will help you spot potential problems at an early stage, so pay attention to its normal appearance and behaviour.

A dull and lifeless bird, who has ruffled feathers and often stays in one position for a long period of time is often a sick bird.

Watch out for the following indicators:

• A change in appearance or behaviour

• Sneezing

• Irregular breathing

• The bird plucking its own feathers out

• Looser droppings

• Loss of appetite

• Watering eyes

• Sitting on the bottom of the cage

Consult your vet if these symptoms should appear. Periodic visits to the vets for beak trimming or wing clipping will provide an opportunity for a visual health check.